Topper has been quite vocal during car rides, and showed significant anxiety when I had him in a wire crate on the front seat next to me, in the wire crate strapped into the back seat, or in a harness tethered to the seat belt (either front or back). I tried desensitizing him, but found that he was still overstimulated and he just didn't know what to do with himself. He was much better if my husband was driving and Topper sat in my lap (with his harness tethered to my seat belt). Now I have him ride in a Vari-kennel type crate in the "way back" of my Honda CRV. He can't see out the windows, and I think this helps him stay calmer. I take him to the park for Sniffaris, to training classes, to the groomer, to the vet, and to the pet supply store. He often comments about my driving or choice of radio station, but he no longer cries or howls. It's taken three months to achieve this improvement in his comfort level. It's been hard for me, because my previous dog could sit tethered in a car seat next to me and loved car rides.